Chaitanya, The Golden Avatar
Page 44 of 103

The Lord portrays a few, however: Matsya, Kurma, Raghunath, Nrishingha, Vamana and Varaha. Next come the three Guna-Avatars, or incarnations of Visnu personifying the attributes of material nature. The first, Brahma, is one of the created living beings, except that his devotional service endows him with great power. Such a primordial being, become Brahma by the influence of the material Passion, is directly empowered by Garbhodakashayi Visnu to create myriads of living beings. Brahma is compared to precious jewels illuminated by the rays of the Sun, the star of the day which is himself similar to the Supreme Lord in the person of Garbhodakashayi Visnu. If at a certain age no living being is able to perform the functions of Brahma, Garbhodakashayi Visnu Himself becomes Brahma and performs the functions associated with this position.

Similarly, the Lord manifests himself in the form of Siva when the time comes to annihilate the material galaxy. Siva, through his contact with Maya (material energy), himself assumes several forms, generally eleven in number. Not belonging to the common living beings, he is more or less Krishna Himself. The example of milk and yogurt is often cited in this context: yogurt is a dairy product, but it cannot replace milk. Likewise, Siva is an emanation of Krishna, but he can neither play the role of Krishna nor, like Him, give us reintegration into our spiritual condition. Unlike Visnu, Siva indeed lives in contact with material nature; that is what essentially distinguishes them. Siva embodies the amalgamation of the three altered forms of consciousness called virtue, passion and ignorance.

For his part, although He is the Master of virtue in every galaxy, the Guna-Avatar Visnu is in no way influenced by material nature. However, even if he is the equal of Krishna, the latter remains the primary source. Krishna embodies the whole of which Visnu is a part. This is the teaching of the Vedic writings, the Vedas, the original holy writings. The Brahma-samhita offers the example of a first candle whose flame is used to light a second. Although of equal power, the first remains the source from which the second draws its light. The Avatar Visnu can thus be assimilated to this second candle. He is as powerful as Krishna, but Krishna remains the original Visnu. Brahma and Siva are therefore devoted servants of the Supreme Lord while Visnu is an emanation of Krishna.

After having described the Lila-Avatars and the Guna-Avatars, Lord Chaitanya explains the Manvantara-Avatars [The different Manus, fathers of humanity, whose function is to populate the galaxy and to establish there the laws of a fair and balanced society] in Sanatane Gosvami. He first specifies that it would be impossible to count them all. Indeed, during a single day of Brahma, fourteen Manus manifest themselves. However, such a day covers 432 million of our years, and a life of Brahma includes one hundred years on this scale. Therefore, if fourteen Manus (fathers of humanity) appear in one Brahma day, there will be 420 in a month and 5,040 in a year. And since Brahma lives one hundred years, it is established at 504,000 the number of Manus who manifest during his lifetime. Considering the countless galaxies, one can only imagine the total number of Manvantara-Avatars, Manus or fathers of humanity. Since all galaxies are born simultaneously from the expiration of Maha-Visnu, who could estimate how many Manus are manifesting at the same time?

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